The fifth of November
The gunpowder treason and plot.
I know of no reason
Why the gunpowder treason
Should ever be forgot." -Traditional verse recited on Guy Fawkes Day
So, who is this Guy Fawkes and why is he celebrated on November 5th?
Guy Fawkes | |
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George Cruikshank's illustration of Guy Fawkes, published in William Harrison Ainsworth's 1840 novel
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Details | |
Parents | Edward Fawkes, Edith (née Blake or Jackson) |
Born | 13 April 1570 (presumed) York, England |
Alias(es) | Guido Fawkes, John Johnson |
Occupation | Soldier; Alférez |
Plot | |
Role | Explosives |
Enlisted | 20 May 1604 |
Captured | 5 November 1605 |
Conviction(s) | High treason |
Penalty | Hanged, drawn and quartered |
Died | 31 January 1606 Westminster, London, England |
Cause | Hanged |
Fawkes was born and educated in York. His father died when Fawkes was eight years old, after which his mother married a recusant Catholic. Fawkes later converted to Catholicism and left for the continent, where he fought in the Eighty Years' War on the side of Catholic Spain against Protestant Dutch reformers. He travelled to Spain to seek support for a Catholic rebellion in England but was unsuccessful. He later met Thomas Wintour, with whom he returned to England.
Wintour introduced Fawkes to Robert Catesby, who planned to assassinate King James I and restore a Catholic monarch to the throne. The plotters secured the lease to an undercroft beneath the House of Lords, and Fawkes was placed in charge of the gunpowder they stockpiled there. Prompted by the receipt of an anonymous letter, the authorities searched Westminster Palace during the early hours of 5 November, and found Fawkes guarding the explosives. Over the next few days, he was questioned and tortured, and eventually he broke. Immediately before his execution on 31 January, Fawkes jumped from the scaffold where he was to be hanged and broke his neck, thus avoiding the agony of the mutilation that followed. Fawkes became synonymous with the Gunpowder Plot, the failure of which has been commemorated in Britain since 5 November 1605. His effigy is traditionally burned on a bonfire, commonly accompanied by a firework display. -Wikipedia
Guy Fawkes gained a resurgence in popularity with the release of the film, "V for Vendetta":
"V for Vendetta is a 2006 American-German political thriller film directed by James McTeigue and written by the Wachowskis, based on the 1982 Vertigo graphic novel of the same name by Alan Moore and David Lloyd. Set in the United Kingdom in a near-future dystopian society, Hugo Weaving portrays V—an anarchist freedom fighter who stages a series of terrorist attacks and attempts to ignite a revolution against the brutal fascist regime that has subjugated the United Kingdom and exterminated its opponents in concentration camps. Natalie Portman plays Evey, a working class girl caught up in V's mission, and Stephen Rea portrays the detective leading a desperate quest to stop V." -Wikipedia
This is my kind of holiday. We are celebrating a rebellious freedom fighter anarchist leading a socialist movement to take back civil rights from an oppressive government by bombing the seat of authority. What a minute, wouldn't he also be considered a terrorist?
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